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Description
Operations and Supply Chain Management
December 2024 Examination
Q1- Discuss the significance of inventory management and explain the key inventory control systems that are used to optimize inventory levels. How do these systems contribute to operational efficiency and customer satisfaction in supply chain management? (10 Marks)
Ans 1.
Introduction
Inventory management is a critical component of operations and supply chain management, playing a significant role in ensuring the smooth flow of goods and materials through a supply chain. Efficient inventory management directly affects a company’s ability to meet customer demand while minimizing costs associated with holding, purchasing, and replenishing stock. The primary goal of inventory management is to strike a balance between inventory availability and cost-effectiveness, ensuring that there is neither excess inventory nor a shortage that could disrupt
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Q2- Explain the strategic importance of forecasting in supply chain management and describe the key components and methods used for forecasting demand. How do forecasting methods like moving averages, exponential smoothing, regression, and data mining contribute to supply chain efficiency? (10 Marks)
Ans 2.
Introduction
Forecasting plays a strategic role in supply chain management as it provides critical insights into future demand patterns, helping businesses make informed decisions related to production, procurement, inventory management, and logistics. Accurate forecasting enables companies to align their supply chain activities with anticipated market needs, reducing the risks associated with overproduction, stockouts, and missed opportunities. It directly influences cost management, operational efficiency, and customer satisfaction by ensuring that products and materials are available when
Q3- Case Study: Optimizing Operational Efficiency and Competitiveness through Strategic Location Planning and Procurement
Background: Sigmatronics is a multinational manufacturing company specializing in consumer electronics. The company has experienced rapid growth over the past decade, expanding its market reach across North America, Europe, and Asia. Despite its success, Sigmatronics has faced challenges related to operational efficiency, high logistics costs, and fluctuating supply chain performance. To address these issues and remain competitive, the company is reevaluating its facility layout, location planning, and overall supply chain strategy.
Scenario: Sigmatronics operates several manufacturing plants, distribution centers, and warehouses across different regions. However, the company has been experiencing bottlenecks in production, high transportation costs, and delayed deliveries. The management team believes that optimizing the facility layout and reevaluating location decisions could significantly improve operational efficiency. Furthermore, they recognize the need to modernize their procurement and distribution processes by leveraging e- procurement and more efficient transportation strategies.
Q3a. Discuss the importance of effective facility layout and location planning in optimizing operational efficiency. How could these decisions enhance Sigmatronics’ organizational performance and competitiveness? (5 Marks)
Ans 3a.
Introduction
Effective facility layout and location planning are critical factors in optimizing operational efficiency, especially for multinational companies like Sigmatronics. As the company expands its reach across multiple regions, these elements directly impact production, logistics, and overall supply chain performance. Poor facility layout can lead to inefficiencies such as bottlenecks, increased handling time, and higher labor costs, while suboptimal location planning can result in longer
Q3b. Discuss the importance of e-procurement, distribution, and transportation in shaping the global supply chain. How could e-procurement benefit Sigmatronics in terms of supplier management and speed of transactions? (5 Marks)
Ans 3b.
Introduction
E-procurement, distribution, and transportation are crucial elements of modern global supply chains, significantly influencing efficiency, cost management, and responsiveness. E-procurement leverages digital technology to streamline the purchasing process, reduce transaction times, and enhance supplier relationships. Effective distribution and transportation strategies ensure timely delivery of goods, optimizing supply chain performance. For Sigmatronics, adopting e-procurement could lead to improved supplier management, faster transactions, and reduced procurement costs, all of which are essential for maintaining competitiveness in the fast-paced